Digital Supplement to the manuscript:

Kaplan, A., 2023: Random Error in Space-Time Bin Averages of Sea Surface Temperature Observations from Ships. Earth and Space Science, in revision. Manuscript To download in PDF; Supporting Information To download in PDF.

Pre-computed monthly 1°x1° bin statistics of ICOADS Ship SST data and ESA SST CCI Analysis

calculated as described in Sec 2.3 of the manuscript (e.g., M_o, S_o, N_o, M_a, S_a, N_a, M_eao, S_ea, M_d, etc) are all accessible here via the Albus clone of the IRI/LDEO Data Library (a.k.a. Ingrid), created by Dr. M. Benno Blumenthal (1959-2018). Here are the examples of fields from these files:

M_o	S_o	N_o
M_a	S_a	N_a
M_d	S_ea	M_eao

Digital access to fields, visualized in the figures of the manuscript

Figure 1

(a) % of monthly 1°x1° SST bins with N_o ≥ 2, 47.8%

(b) RMS D of ship-satellite difference d_M, 0.99°C

(d) Number of DOF in anomalies, 71.3	(e) RMS D' of ship-satellite anomaly d_M - b_c, 0.91°C
(f) Estimate E of binned anomaly RMS D', 0.74°C	(g) Relative discrepancy ρ, 81%

Figure 2

Empirical probability of |ρ| as a function of DOF in anomalies of bin-averaged ship SST observations

Figure 3

(a) ERMSE E_Mo of bin-averaged ship SST, 0.67°C

(c)Intra-bin SD of ship observations σ_Bo, 1.20°C

(e) Sampling ESDE υ_o, 0.50°C

(g) Sampling ESDE υ, 0.57°C

(i) same as (f), but in 30X30 averages, 1.13°C

(b) ERMSE E_Ma of bin-averaged CCI, 0.31°C

(d) Error reduction factor 1/sqrt(N), 0.57

(f) Ship measurement ESDE σ_o, 1.14°C

(h) Kent & Challenor(2006) ship ESDE, 1.26°C

(j) Relative difference ρ (h) vs (i), 18%

Acknowledgements: This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) grant OCE-1853717.